Thamer Al Ohali
King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Title: Metabolic syndrome, diagnosis and management
Biography
Biography: Thamer Al Ohali
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of various metabolic conditions thought to be related to insulin resistance. These conditions include abdominal obesity, plus abnormalities in the lipid and glucose metabolism. Metabolic syndrome usually increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver and several cancers. More than one third of the USA adult population has metabolic syndrome. The International Diabetes Federation estimates that about 25% of the world's population has metabolic syndrome, and the prevalence s with age and certain ethnicity. The signs and symptoms may include: hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hypertriglyceridemia reduced high-density lipoprotein HDL and abdominal obesity. The most important risk factors are sedentary lifestyle, genetics, diet and aging. Many diagnostic guidelines are available for metabolic syndrome; the International Diabetes Federation, WHO, US NCEP and American Heart Association are the most widely used diagnostic guidelines. Each guideline has its own definition of metabolic syndrome. The primary management goals are to treat the underlying cause as well as inhibit the progression to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases or type 2 diabetes. The initial step in management of metabolic syndrome includes healthy lifestyle, regular moderate intensity activity, and diet and weight loss. In addition to the lifestyle modification and weight loss, pharmacologic interventions can be used to treat the underlying cause and other manifestations.